General Specification for Civil Engineering Works, 2020 Edition

The General Specification for Civil Engineering Works lays down the quality of materials, the standards of workmanship, the testing methods and the acceptance criteria for civil engineering works undertaken for the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Where necessary, this General Specification should be supplemented by a particular specification.

土木工程通用指南规定了为香港特别行政区政府承建的土木工程的材料质量、工艺标准、测试方法和验收准则。 必要时，本通用指南应补充特定技术要求。

6.19.1 The Contractor shall take measures to sort and separate excavated material on site for use in the permanent works as required in the environmental protection measures unless otherwise stated in the Contract. Excavated material, which in the opinion of the Engineer cannot be selected, processed or mixed in a practical manner to make it suitable for use in the permanent works, as fill material shall be disposed of by the Contractor unless otherwise stated in the Contract.

6.19.1 除非合同中另有规定，否则承包商应根据环境保护措施的要求，采取措施对现场开挖材料进行分类和分离，以用于永久工程。除非合同中另有规定，否则工程师认为无法以实际方式选择、加工或混合开挖材料以使其适合用于永久工程的开挖材料（作为填料）应由承包商进行处理。

6.19.2 Excavated material that is surplus to the requirements of the permanent work shall be disposed of by the Contractor unless otherwise stated in the Contract. The Contractor shall, unless otherwise stated in the Contract, take all practical measures to sort and separate the surplus material according to its nature before disposal as required in the environmental protection measures and dispose of the material off-site using the Trip-ticket System.

6.19.2 除非合同中另有规定，否则承包商应处理超出永久工程需求的开挖材料。除非合同中另有规定，否则承包商应根据环境保护措施的要求，在处置前根据剩余材料的性质采取一切实际措施对其进行分类和分离，并使用Trip-ticket System在场外处置材料。

6.19.3 The Contractor shall process the surplus excavated material to make it suitable for use as public fill for disposal to public filling area. The Contractor shall break down any over-sized public fill/ C&D material to less than 250 mm in size.

6.19.3 承包商应处理剩余的挖掘材料，使其适合用作公共填料，并将其处理到公共填料区。承包商应将任何尺寸过大的公共填料/C&D材料分解为尺寸小于250mm的材料。

6.20.1 Excavated material required for use in the permanent work which is capable of being selected, processed and mixed to make it suitable for use as fill material shall not be used for any other purposes unless permitted by the Engineer.

6.20.1 除非工程师允许，否则永久性工程所需的开挖材料不得用于任何其他目的，这些开挖材料可进行选择、加工和混合，以使其适合用作填料。

6.20.2 Excavated material that is required for use in the permanent work as fill material and which the Engineer permits to be removed from the Site or used for other purposes shall be replaced by an equivalent material approved by the Engineer. The replacement material shall have the same volume after compaction as the material replaced.

6.20.2 永久工程中需要用作填充材料的开挖材料，以及工程师允许从现场移除或用于其他目的的开挖材料应替换为工程师批准的同等材料。压实后，替换材料的体积应与替换材料相同。

6.20.3 Where material excavated has a moisture content which renders it incapable of being compacted to the requirements immediately after excavation, and this material is required for use as filling material, the Contractor shall, unless otherwise directed by the Supervisor, adjust the moisture content by storage, mechanical, chemical or other means until the material is rendered capable of being compacted.

6.20.3 如果开挖材料的含水量使其无法在开挖后立即压实并满足要求，并且该材料需要用作填料，则除非监理另有指示，否则承包商应通过储存、机械、化学或其他方式，直到材料能够被压实。

6.20.4 Unless otherwise instructed by the Supervisor, all soft material to be excavated during the works that includes but not limited to marine mud, clay and soft deposit shall be treated by the Contractor that becomes suitable for filling works as per relevant provisions in the Contract. No excavated soft material shall be disposed off site unless permission is given by the Supervisor or relevant authorities. The Contractor shall submit treatment proposal of the excavated soft material and filling locations of the treated soft material to the Supervisor for acceptance.

6.20.4 除非监理另有指示，否则工程期间开挖的所有软质材料，包括但不限于海泥、粘土和软质沉积物，应由承包商进行处理，使其适合于填充工程。未经监理人或有关部门许可，不得在场外处置开挖的软质材料。承包人应向监理人提交开挖软质材料的处理方案和处理后的软质材料填筑位置，供监理人验收。

6.21.1 The Contractor shall inform the Engineer without delay of the nature and location of any unforeseen obstruction encountered during excavation.

6.21.1 承包商应立即将开挖过程中遇到的任何不可预见障碍物的性质和位置通知工程师。

6.21.2 Boulders that intersect the earthworks final surface or formation shall be dealt with as excavation proceeds by methods agreed by the Engineer. Boulders shall not be left protruding unless permitted by the Engineer.

6.21.2 与土方工程最终表面或地层相交的巨石应在开挖过程中按照工程师同意的方法进行处理。除非监理工程师允许，否则不得让巨石突出。

6.21.3 The Contractor shall notify the Supervisor of any material encountered in the excavation which he considers may be classified as rock or artificial hard material before excavation of that material commences. The quantities of rock or material excavated from within the nominal limits of excavation shall be recorded and the record shall be signed by both the Supervisor and the Contractor each day or at such shorter intervals as the Supervisor may require.

6.21.3 承包商应在开挖材料开始前，将开挖过程中遇到的任何他认为可能被归类为岩石或人造硬质材料的材料通知监理。应记录在标称开挖范围内开挖的岩石或材料的数量，并由监理和承包商每天或按监理要求的较短时间签署记录。

6.21.4 The Contractor shall break down (downsize) the rock or artificial hard material to Grade 200 size or any other size as instructed by the Supervisor, for reuse under this contract or other contracts as specified by the Supervisor.

6.21.4 承包商应将岩石或人造硬质材料分解（缩小）为200级尺寸或监理人指示的任何其他尺寸，以便根据本合同或监理人规定的其他合同重新使用。

6.22.1 Temporary supports or other methods shall be used to maintain excavations in a stable condition and to prevent settlement of structures or utilities due to excavation or dewatering.

6.22.1 应使用临时支撑或其他方法将开挖保持在稳定状态，并防止因开挖或排水而导致结构或公用设施沉降。

6.22.2 Construction plant or other vehicles shall not be operated or parked adjacent to excavations and earthworks material or other materials shall not be placed adjacent to excavations unless this has been allowed for in the design of the Temporary Works for the support of the excavation.

6.22.2 施工设备或其他车辆不得在挖掘附近操作或停放，土方工程材料或其他材料不得放置在挖掘附近，除非相关堆载在临时开挖与支护设计中已经考虑并被允许。

6.22.3 Where the excavation reveals a combination of suitable and unsuitable materials the Contractor shall, unless otherwise agreed by the Supervisor, carry out the excavation in such a manner that the suitable materials are excavated separately for use in the works without contamination by the unsuitable materials. Such method of excavation shall be submitted to the Supervisor for acceptance.

6.22.3 如果开挖显示出合适和不合适材料的组合，除非监理另有约定，否则承包商应以适当材料单独开挖用于工程而不受不合适材料污染的方式进行开挖。这种开挖方法应提交监理人验收。

6.22.4 Any excessive depth excavated below the tolerances specified shall be made good by backfilling with suitable material and compacted to the acceptance of the Supervisor.

6.22.4 低于规定公差的任何超挖深度应通过用合适的材料回填并压实至监理验收。

6.22.5 Turf, topsoil (which includes turf not required for relaying) and paving and similar surface shall be stripped separately from the subsoil, and kept separately for re-use. The extent of the stripping normally includes the whole of the area required for working and storage except that turf and topsoil will normally be stored on unstriped land.

6.22.5 草皮、表层土（包括不需要转移的草皮）、铺面和类似表面应与底土分开剥离，并分开存放以备重复使用。剥离范围通常包括工作和储存所需的整个区域，但草皮和表层土通常储存在未犁的土地上。

6.22.6 Unless otherwise specified, the excavated material required for backfilling shall be stored locally and the Contractor shall dispose of surplus spoil. The Contractor shall remove the surplus spoil from the Site immediately after it is excavated. Where different classes of material are excavated the most suitable shall be retained for backfilling. In particular previous material from a drainage stratum shall be retained for replacing in its natural position and road material shall be retained from reinstatement. Material which when excavated is unsuitable for use as backfill solely because it is too wet and which is not surplus spoil shall be stockpiled and treated as necessary to render it suitable for use as backfill.

6.22.6 除非另有规定，否则回填所需的开挖材料应就地储存，承包商应处理多余的弃土。承包商应在开挖后立即将剩余弃土从现场清除。在开挖不同类别的材料时，应保留最合适的材料进行回填。特别是排水层的先前材料应保留在其自然位置进行替换，道路材料应保留以进行恢复。开挖时仅因太湿而不适合用作回填土的材料，以及非多余弃土的材料，应进行堆放和必要处理，使其适合用作回填料。

6.22.7 The Contractor shall normally prevent damage to the formation by bottoming-up by hand excavation immediately before placing concrete or pipe laying. Any damaged formation shall be further excavated and refilled with Grade 10 concrete or selected material.

6.22.7 承包商通常应在浇筑混凝土或管道铺设前立即通过手动挖掘进行底部挖掘，以防止对地层造成损坏。任何损坏的地层应进一步挖掘，并用10级混凝土或选定材料回填。

6.22.8 The Contractor shall record the position, pipe diameter or cable size and type of construction of every land drain, sewer, surface water drainage, water and gas supply pipes, power and telecommunication cables intercepted or disturbed by an excavation, and a copy of the record shall be given to the Supervisor.

6.22.8 承包商应记录因开挖而被拦截或干扰的每条土地排水管、下水道、地表水排水管、供水和供气管道、电力和通信电缆的位置、管径或电缆尺寸和施工类型，并将记录副本提供给监理人。

6.22.9 Excavation works of a temporary nature occurring over existing ground outside the boundaries of the permanent works covered by this contract shall be reinstated to a standard acceptable under current government requirements. The Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining all government approvals including approval of GEO etc. for the reinstatement works and such approvals shall be in place and copied to the Supervisor at least 30 days prior to the commencement of the reinstatement works.

6.22.9 在本合同所涵盖的永久工程边界外的现有地面上发生的临时性开挖工程应恢复到当前政府要求下可接受的标准。承包商应负责获得恢复工程的所有政府批准，包括GEO等的批准，这些批准应在恢复工程开始前至少30天到位并抄送给监理。

6.22.10 The Contractor's attention is drawn to the fact that excavation may be carried out in soft ground, and areas below ground water level and/or affected by non-tidal open water or tidal water. Dewatering methods to keep the areas dry for working therein shall be furnished to the Supervisor for information. The Contractor's attention is drawn to the possible settlement problem during dewatering.

6.22.10 承包商应注意，开挖可能在软土地基、地下水位以下和/或受非潮汐开放水或潮汐水影响的区域进行。应向监理人提供保持区域干燥以便在其中工作的降水方法，以供参考。承包商应注意排水过程中可能出现的沉降问题。

6.22.11 If the material exposed on slopes or at formation level is not accepted it shall be excavated and made good with accepted fill material or mass concrete as instructed.

6.22.11 如果暴露在斜坡或基面上的材料是不被允许的，则应按照指示进行开挖，并使用合格的填料或大体积混凝土进行修复。

6.22.12 If the material exposed at foundation formation level is not accepted it shall be excavated and made good with mass concrete or other accepted material as instructed.

6.22.12 如果暴露在基础基面的材料是不被接受的，则应按照指示开挖并使用大体积混凝土或其他合格材料进行修复。

6.23.1 Excavations shall be carried out by hand adjacent to utilities that are known, proven or suspected to exist.

6.23.1 应在已知、已证实或怀疑存在的公用设施附近用人工挖掘。

6.23.2 Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer excavations next to structures shall be carried out by hand.

6.23.2 除非工程师另有许可，否则构筑物旁边的开挖应采用人工进行。

6.23.3 Within 7 days from the date of acceptance of Tender, the Contractor shall submit to the Supervisor for acceptance the brand and model of an underground services detection equipment which he intends to use for investigation the locations and depths of underground utilities as required. The Supervisor shall approve such type of underground services detection equipment which in his opinion is suitable for the purpose of locating underground utilities which may normally be encountered in the excavation of the works.

6.23.3 自中标之日起7天内，承包商应向监理提交其打算用于调查地下设施位置和深度的地下设施检测设备的品牌和型号，以供验收。监理应批准其认为适合于定位工程开挖过程中通常会遇到的地下公用设施。

6.23.4 Before any excavation including excavation for trial pits, the Contractor shall use underground services detection equipment accepted by the Supervisor to locate underground utilities. The underground services detection equipment shall be operated and the results shall be analysed by a person who has the necessary expertise to undertake the detection and analysis.

6.23.4 在任何开挖（包括试坑开挖）之前，承包商应使用监理认可的地下设施检测设备来定位地下设施。应操作地下设施检测设备，并由具有进行检测和分析所需专业知识的人员对结果进行分析。

6.23.5 The Contractor shall take notice of the limitation using any method of detecting underground services by non-destructive means. Such detection method usually does not guarantee the detection of all buried services or as to their location of depth. Large discrepancy may occur. Neither the Client nor the Project Manager shall be responsible whatsoever for any unsuitability of the underground services detection equipment accepted or for the failure of detecting any underground services accurately.

6.23.5 承包商应注意使用无损检测地下设施的方法的限制。这种检测方法通常不能保证检测到所有埋地服务或它们的深度位置。可能会出现较大的差异。客户和项目经理均不对所接受的地下设施检测设备的任何不适用性或未能准确检测任何地下设施承担任何责任。

6.23.6 The Contractor shall demonstrate that the excavation and associated Temporary Works for any excavation has no adverse effect on any adjacent structures, slopes, retaining walls and utilities to the acceptance of the Supervisor.

6.23.6 承包商应证明开挖和任何开挖的相关临时工程对任何相邻结构、斜坡、挡土墙和公用设施没有不利影响，并经监理验收。