General Specification for Civil Engineering Works, 2020 Edition

The General Specification for Civil Engineering Works lays down the quality of materials, the standards of workmanship, the testing methods and the acceptance criteria for civil engineering works undertaken for the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Where necessary, this General Specification should be supplemented by a particular specification.

土木工程通用指南规定了为香港特别行政区政府承建的土木工程的材料质量、工艺标准、测试方法和验收准则。 必要时，本通用指南应补充特定技术要求。

6.11.1 The following particulars of the proposed blasting procedures shall be submitted to the Engineer: (a) Any conditions or restrictions imposed by the Commissioner of Mines, including copies of applications, licences, permits and correspondence, (b) Names, qualifications and experience of the persons responsible for the design and supervision of blasting operations, (c) Location, diameter, inclination and depth of holes to be charged with explosive, (d) Type and total mass of explosive to be used and its mass and distribution in each hole, (e) Dimensions of stemming and decking, (f) Initiation sequence, delay periods and mass of explosive per delay, (g) Burden and bench height, (h) Ratio of diameter of explosive to diameter of hole, (i) Arrangements for and methods of instrumentation and monitoring the effects of blasting, (j) Details of velocity seismographs, including manufacturer's literature, (k) Method of controlled blasting, (l) Details of blasting trials, and (m) Protective measures.

6.11.1 如采用爆破施工，下列细节应提交给工程师： (a) 矿业专员施加的任何条件或限制，包括申请、执照、许可证和信函的副本， (b) 爆破人员的姓名、资格和经验 负责爆破作业设计和监督的人员， (c) 待装炸药的孔的位置、直径、倾斜度和深度， (d) 待使用炸药的类型和总质量及其在每个孔中的质量和分布， (e) 炮台和甲板的尺寸， (f) 起爆顺序、延迟时间和每次延迟的炸药质量， (g) 负载和台架高度， (h) 炸药直径与孔直径的比率， (i) 炸药的布置 爆破效果的仪器和监测方法， (j) 速度地震仪的详细信息，包括制造商的文献， (k) 控制爆破的方法， (l) 爆破试验的详细信息，以及 (m) 保护措施。

6.11.2 The particulars, other than particulars relating to blasting trials, shall be submitted to the Engineer at least 48 hours before the relevant blasting starts. Particulars relating to blasting trials shall be submitted to the Engineer at least 14 days before the blasting trials are carried out.

6.11.2 除与爆破试验有关的详情外，其他详情应在相关爆破开始前至少 48 小时提交给工程师。 有关爆破试验的详情应在爆破试验进行前至少 14 天提交给工程师。

6.12.1 Earthworks material within the Site at the commencement of the Contract shall remain the property of the Employer except as stated in Clause 6.12.2.

6.12.2 合同开始时现场内的土方材料仍属于雇主的财产，第 6.12.2 条规定的情况除外。

6.12.3 Earthworks material that needs to be disposed of by the Contractor shall become the property of the Contractor when it is removed from the Site and shall be disposed of in tips provided by the Contractor, unless otherwise stated in the Contract.

6.12.3 需要承包商处置的土方材料在从现场移走时应成为承包商的财产，并应按照承包商提供的提示进行处置，除非合同中另有规定。

6.12.3a Earthworks material that needs to be disposed of by the Contractor, except any material from excavation which is agreed by the Project Manager to be required for sale or, as the case may be, having no sale value, shall become the property of the Contractor when it is removed from the Site and shall be disposed of in tips provided by the Contractor, unless otherwise stated in the Contract.

6.12.3a 需要由承包商处置的土方工程材料，除项目经理同意需要出售或视情况而定没有销售价值的任何开挖材料外，应在以下情况下成为承包商的财产： 除非合同中另有规定，否则应将其从现场移除并按照承包商提供的提示进行处置。

6.12.3b Before excavation or filling commences, the Contractor shall remove the topsoil from the area of the works shown on the Drawings. The quantity of the excavated topsoil shall be determined by the Supervisor on site. During the excavation of topsoil, the Contractor shall provide the inspection pits at the depth and spacing to be instructed by the Supervisor. After completion of each inspection pit, the Contractor shall notify the Supervisor to inspect and determine the depth of the topsoil. The total quantity of the excavated topsoil shall be determined by the measured depth of topsoil at the inspection pits.

6.12.3b 在挖掘或填充开始之前，承包商应清除图纸所示工程区域的表土。 开挖表土的数量由现场监理人员确定。 在表土开挖过程中，承包商应按监理人指示的深度和间距提供检查坑。 每个检查坑完工后，承包商应通知监理人员检查并确定表土深度。 开挖表土总量按检查坑表土实测深度确定。

6.13.1 The design of Temporary Works associated with earthworks, including temporary slopes, stockpiles and drainage, shall be such that the risk of failure is not more than that which would be adopted if the Temporary Works were to be permanent. Allowance may be made in the design of the Temporary Works for the shorter design life and for the risk to persons and property and the surface water and groundwater conditions that are likely to occur during construction.

6.13.1 与土方工程相关的临时工程（包括临时斜坡、堆料场和排水系统）的设计应确保失败的风险不大于临时工程为永久性工程时所采用的风险。 在临时工程的设计中，可以考虑较短的设计寿命以及施工期间可能出现的对人员和财产以及地表水和地下水状况的风险。

6.13.2 The Contractor shall provide details to the Engineer to demonstrate that the design of Temporary Works has been considered and incorporated measures, which minimise excavation of materials.

6.13.2 承包商应向工程师提供详细信息，以证明临时工程的设计已经考虑并采取了措施，最大限度地减少了材料的挖掘。

6.13.3 Prior to the commencement of work on any road crossing the Contractor shall make available on site steel trench covers designed in accordance with the requirements of Clause 1.18(4) to the full width of the carriageway not available to traffic. These covers shall be used for emergencies or where directed by the Supervisor to meet the requirements of this contract with regard to maintenance of land traffic flow. The Contractor shall submit the design, working drawings and method of working for the fabrication and installation of temporary steel covers, for each location where such covers may be required, for the acceptance of the Supervisor two weeks prior to the commencement of excavation. When installed the steel trench covers shall not result in any noise nuisance caused by them rocking under the action of traffic.

6.13.3 在任何穿越道路的工作开始之前，承包商应在现场提供根据第 1.18(4) 条的要求设计的钢盖板，覆盖受影响车道的整个宽度。 这些盖子应用于紧急情况或在监理人指示下使用，以满足本合同有关维持陆地交通流量的要求。 承包商应在开挖开始前两周，向可能需要临时钢盖板的每个位置提交临时钢盖板的制造和安装的设计、施工图和工作方法，以供监理人验收。 安装时，钢盖板不应因在交通作用下摇晃而产生任何噪音滋扰。

6.13.4 Without prejudice to other provisions in this contract, the Contractor shall comply with the provisions in the “Guide to Trench Excavations (Shoring Support and Drainage Measures)” published jointly by the Highways Department and the Civil Engineering Department, Hong Kong or its updates as may be promulgated from time to time in the design of temporary support to trench excavations.

6.13.4 在不损害本合同其他条款的情况下，承包商应遵守香港路政署和土木工程署联合出版的《沟渠开挖指南（支护和排水措施）》中的规定或其更新内容。

6.13.5 The Contractor shall be responsible for the design, installation and removal of all Temporary Works including, but not limited to, temporary slopes, stockpiles, drainage, shoring, dewatering and ground treatment works associated with earthworks. All Temporary Works shall be certified by an independent checking engineer in accordance with the requirements of Clause 1.70, and if necessary, to the approval of relevant Government Departments. All Temporary Works should be removed prior to completion of this contract.

6.13.5 承包商应负责所有临时工程的设计、安装和拆除，包括但不限于临时斜坡、堆放、排水、支撑、降水和与土方工程相关的地面处理工程。 所有临时工程均应由独立检查工程师按照第 1.70 条的要求进行认证，如有必要，还需获得相关政府部门的批准。 所有临时工程应在本合同完成之前拆除。

6.13.6 Where the Contractor carries out temporary excavation or filling works and intends to leave them as part of the final site formation he shall obtain the prior written acceptance and consent from the Project Manager for commencement of any works. The Contractor shall ensure that the designer’s designs and design reviews meet current geotechnical standards and this contract requirements related to quality of materials and workmanship and independent checking are met. The Contractor shall submit an independent checking certificate verifying that the Temporary Works meet the current geotechnical design standards. The Contractor shall submit the plans and supporting design documentation including but not limited to the design assumptions, parameters and full calculations to the Supervisor for acceptance and consent at least 90 days prior to the proposed date of the commencement of the works.

6.13.6 如果承包商进行临时挖掘或填充工程并打算将其作为最终场地平整的一部分，则他应事先获得项目经理的书面接受和同意才能开始任何工程。 承包商应确保设计师的设计和设计审查符合现行岩土工程标准，并满足本合同有关材料和工艺质量以及独立检查的要求。 承包商应提交独立检查证书，证明临时工程符合现行岩土设计标准。 承包商应在计划开工日期之前至少 90 天向监理人提交计划和支持设计文件，包括但不限于设计假设、参数和完整计算，以供其接受和同意。

6.13.7 The Contractor shall provide and maintain temporary access. Temporary access roads shall be provided with drainage ditches over their full length. Details of any such Temporary Works shall be submitted to the Supervisor and his consent in writing shall be obtained before construction commences.

6.13.7 承包商应提供并维护临时通道。 临时便道应设置全长排水沟。 任何此类临时工程的详细信息应提交给监理人，并在施工开始前获得其书面同意。

6.13.8 The Contractor shall note the presence of existing geotechnical instruments including, but not limited to, settlement markers, piezometer and standpipe installations at the Site and take appropriate measures to protect those installations, which are to be monitored by the Contractor during the construction, where practically possible. The Contractor shall ensure safe access is provided for monitoring of the installations at all times.

6.13.8 承包商应注意现场现有岩土仪器的存在，包括但不限于沉降标记、渗压计和立管装置，并采取适当措施保护这些装置。如果可能，承包商应在施工期间利用这些装置进行监测（如果可行）。 承包商应确保提供安全通道以随时抵达监控仪器。

6.13.9 The Contractor shall note the locations of any existing slope stabilisation measures (such as soil nails rock dowels and concrete buttresses) present in existing cut slopes prior to excavation and other works. The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent uncontrolled failure of any slopes containing such measures during excavation and other works.

6.13.9 在挖掘和其他工程之前，承包商应记下现有切坡中存在的任何现有斜坡稳定措施（例如土钉、岩石销钉和混凝土扶壁）的位置。 承包商应采取一切必要的预防措施，防止在挖掘和其他工程期间包含此类措施的任何斜坡出现不受控制的破坏。

6.13.10 The Contractor shall accurately determine the location of existing slope stabilisation measures present in existing slopes by survey methods. Stabilisation required as part of the permanent slope works shall be installed without interfering with the existing measures unless suitable stabilisation measures for existing slope have been cautiously provided before commencing to remove existing measures.

6.13.10 承包商应通过测量方法准确确定现有斜坡中存在的现有斜坡稳定措施的位置。 永久性斜坡工程所需的稳定措施的安装不得干扰现有措施，除非在开始拆除现有措施之前已谨慎地为现有斜坡提供了适当的稳定措施。

6.13.11 Unless instructed by the Supervisor to remove the existing geotechnical instrumentation the Contractor shall replace any damaged existing geotechnical instrumentation at his own expense.

6.13.11 除非监理人指示拆除现有岩土仪器，否则承包商应自费更换任何损坏的现有岩土仪器。

6.14.1 Earthworks material shall not be handled or stored in a manner which will result in segregation, deterioration, erosion or instability of the material.

6.14.1 土方材料的处理或储存方式不得导致材料分离、变质、受侵蚀或不稳定。

6.14.2 Different types of earthworks material shall be kept separate from each other. Earthworks material that is suitable for use as fill material shall be maintained in a suitable condition and shall not be contaminated.

6.14.2 不同类型的土方材料应相互分开。 适合用作填充材料的土方材料应保持在适当的状态，并且不得受到污染。

6.14.3 Material handling and storage areas shall be levelled and well drained. Stockpiles of material shall be sprayed with water or a dust suppression chemical to minimize dust generation.

6.14.3 物料搬运和储存区域应平整且排水良好。 应用水或抑尘化学品喷洒材料库存，以尽量减少粉尘的产生。

6.14.4 Excavation work and subsequent operations shall not restrict the traffic lane adjacent to the lane occupied or to be occupied by the work and excavated materials shall be removed by conveyor belt or other means to vehicles or other means of transportation positioned in the same traffic lane occupied by the work.

6.14.4 挖掘作业及后续作业不得限制与已占用或将要占用的车道相邻的车道，挖掘出的物料应通过传送带或其他方式移至位于已占用车道的车辆或其他运输工具上。

6.14.5 Excavated material shall not be stockpiled adjacent to the excavation, or at locations where as considered by the Supervisor may adversely affect the stability of any slope or retaining wall.

6.14.5 开挖材料不得堆放在开挖附近或监理人认为可能对任何斜坡或挡土墙的稳定性产生不利影响的位置。

6.14.6 The Contractor shall submit to the Supervisor for acceptance the proposed area required for stockpiling the excavated materials. Any excessive surplus excavated material shall be removed from the Site. Excavated material that is classified as unsuitable for backfilling shall be removed from the Site after acceptance from the Supervisor is obtained.

6.14.6 承包商应将储存挖掘材料所需的建议面积提交监理验收。 任何多余的挖掘材料均应从现场清除。 被归类为不适合回填的开挖材料应在获得主管验收后从现场清除。

6.14.7 Stockpiles shall be sited and protected to ensure that material does not enter the temporary or permanent drainage systems or adversely affect the design and performance of the temporary and permanent works.

6.14.7 应妥善安置和保护库存物资，以确保材料不会进入临时或永久排水系统或对临时和永久工程的设计和性能产生不利影响。

6.14.8 All partially formed bare soil slope stockpiles shall be protected against rainfall by plastic sheeting, suitably secured against the wind at the end of each day. If temporary slopes are to be left for more than a week, the Contractor shall protect the bare soil slope surface by hydroseeding unless otherwise agreed by the Supervisor.

6.14.8 所有部分形成的裸露土坡或堆料均应使用塑料布来防止降雨渗入，并在每天结束时适当固定以防风。 如果临时斜坡留置时间超过一周，承包商应通过喷草保护裸土坡面，除非监理人同意其他保护措施。

6.14.9 Stockpiling of contaminated excavated material on site shall not be permitted, unless accepted by the Supervisor.

6.14.9 除非得到主管人员的同意，否则不得在现场堆放受污染的挖掘材料。

6.14.10 In the event of the excavated material being stockpiled by the Contractor to facilitate his construction work, it shall be so deposited so that it shall cause no damage to the existing structures and underground utilities and no inconvenience to the daily sewage treatment operations.

6.14.10 承包商为便于施工而储存的开挖土石方，其存放方式不得对现有建筑物和地下设施造成损害，也不会对日常污水处理作业造成不便。